Born in Brühl, the artist Max Ernst felt part of the Dada movement and the thoughts of the Surrealists. After his military service in World War I, the occupation of the National Socialists in World War II, and his internment stay in France, he emigrated in 1941 to the USA for ten years. His versatile work in painting, graphic art, and sculpture was based on his unconscious, dreams, and fantasies, and he executed them in creative approaches through absurd and unrealistic images. From 1925, he saw artistic potential in the old printing technique of frottage, in which the surface structure of an object is pressed on paper with a pencil. In 1954 he was awarded the Grand Prize for Painting at the Venice Biennale.

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